- T. & C.C. - Technical and Clauses Committee
- T. & G. - Tongued and grooved (timber trade)
- t. & s. - Touch and stay
- T.&G. - Tongued and grooved (timber trade)
- T.B. - Trial Balance
- T.B.A. - Tobe advised, To be agreed
- T.C.I. - Time charterer's interest
- T.D.W. - Tonnage deadweight
- T.E. - Trade expenses
- T.E.E. - Trans-Europe Express
- T.F. - Tropical freshwater
- T.G.B - Tongued, grooved and beaded
- T.I.B. - Trimmed in bunkers
- T.I.V. - Total insured value
- T.L. - Total loss
- T.L.O. - Total loss only
- T.L.V.O. - Total loss of vessel only
- T.O.R. - Time on Risk
- T.O.T. - Terms of trade
- T.O.V.A.L.O.P. - Tanker Owners' Voluntary Agreement Concerning
Liability for Oil Pollution
- T.P.I. - Tons per inch
- T.P.Liab. - Third party liability
- T.P.N.D. - Theft, pilferage and non-delivery
- T.Q. - Tale quale (as found)
- T.S.I. - Total sum insured
- T.T. - Telegraphic transfer
- T.T.F. - Timber Trade Federation
- T.W.M.C. - Transport, wages, maintenance and care
- T/C - Till countermanded
- t/h - Tonnes per hour
- T/L - Total loss
- T/O - Transfer order
- T/S - Transhipment
- TA - Trade Assistant
- TAA - Trade Adjustment Assistance
- Table of Denial Orders - The TDO is a list of individuals
and firms that have been disbarred from shipping or receiving
U.S. goods or technology. Firms and individuals on the list may
be disbarred with respect to either controlled commodities or
general destination (across-the-board) exports. The list is published
in the Export Administration Regulations.
- TAC - Technical Advisory Committee
- TAP - Trade Assistance and Planning Office
- Tare Weight - The weight of a container and/or packing
materials without the weight of the goods it contains.
- Targeted Export Assistance Program - See: Market Promotion
Program.
- TARIC - Integrated Tariff of the European Community
- Tariff - A tax assessed by a government in accordance
with its tariff schedule on goods as they enter (or leave) a country.
May be imposed to protect domestic industries from imported goods
and/or to generate revenue. Types include ad valorem, specific,
variable, or some combination.
- Tariff Act of 1930 - Title VII of the Tariff Act of 1930,
as amended, provides for the imposition of antidumping duties
on imported merchandise found to have been sold in the United
States at "less than fair value," if these sales have caused or
are likely to cause material injury to, or materially retard the
establishment of, an industry in the United States. The following
terms and phrases are commonly used in connection with procedings
under The Tariff Act of 1930, as amended. See: Administrative
Review Antidumping Duty Antidumping Investigation Notice Antidumping
Duty Order Antidumping Petition Assessment "Class or Kind" of
Merchandise Constructed Value Cost of Production Critical Circumstances
Deposit of Estimated Duties Disclosure Meeting Dismissal of Petition
Dumping Margin Exporter's Sales Price Fair Value Final Determination
Foreign Market Value Hearing Period of Investigation Preliminary
Determination Protective Order Purchase Price Revocation of Antidumping
Duty Order & Termination of Suspended Investigation Section
337 Summary Investigation Suspension of Investigation Suspension
of Liquidation.
- Tariff Anomaly - A tariff anomaly exists when the tariff
on raw materials or semi-manufactured goods is higher than the
tariff on the finished product.
- Tariff Bindings - The agreement by contracting parties
to maintain the duty rates on specified goods at negotiated levels
or below. Bindings are provided for in GATT Article II.
- Tariff Escalation - A situation in which tariffs on manufactured
goods are relatively high, tariffs on semi-processed goods are
moderate, and tariffs on raw materials are nonexistent or very
low. This term refers to the common situation whereby raw materials
and less processed goods are generally dutied at lower rates than
more processed versions of the same or derivative goods. For instance,
the import duty in most countries is generally higher for petrochemicals
than for the petroleum and other raw materials necessary for their
production. It is argued by primary commodity exporting nations
that this situation confers a higher degree of protection for
the processing industries of importing countries than nominal
tariff rates would suggest.
- Tariff Quota - A tariff that remains at the same level
until a certain quantitative limit (quota) is reached. The duty
on imports ports in excess of that level will be higher. Application
of a higher tariff rate to imported goods after a specified quantity
of the item has entered the country at a lower prevailing rate.
- Tariff Schedule - A comprehensive list of the goods which
a country may import and the import duties applicable to each
product.
- Tariff Schedules of the United States Annotated - Effective
1979 to January 1989, the U.S. import statistics were initially
collected and compiled in terms of the commodity classifications
in the Tariff Schedules of the United States Annotated (TSUSA),
an official publication of the U.S. International Trade Commission
embracing the legal text of the Tariff Schedules of the United
States (TSUS) together with statistical annotations. This publication
was superseded by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United
States Annotated for Statistical Reporting Purposes (HTSUSA) in
January 1989. Effective 1979 to January 1989, the U.S. export
statistics were initially collected and compiled in terms of the
commodity classifications in Schedule B, Statistical Classification
of Domestic and Foreign Commodities Exported from the United States.
Schedule B is a U.S. Bureau of the Census publication and, during
this period, was based on the framework of the TSUS. In January
1989, this publication was replaced by Schedule B based on the
Harmonized System. See: Schedule B.
- Tariff Surcharges - An import tax that is usually assessed
at a flat rate over and above whatever duties are assessed.
- Tax Information Exchange Agreement - A TIEA imposes on
the agreeing countries a mutual and reciprocal obligation to exchange
information relating to the enforcement of their respective tax
laws. A TIEA provides a means by which a signatory government
can pursue certain tax evaders, particularly in cases involving
large tax claims or drug enforcement. Countries that sign a TIEA
agree to: (a) exhange tax information at the government level
in a form admissable to U.S. or host country courts; (b) collect
information without regard to the taxpayer's nationality; (c)
establish a means for compelling the production of tax information;
and (d) ensure that local laws do not prohibit the sharing of
tax information. A TIEA can support tourism in a signatory country
because the Agreement facilitates Internal Revenue Service approval
of the destination as a necessary business expense (deductible
for Federal income tax purposes) for U.S. citizens and companies
which seek to justify attendance at business conventions and seminars
in a signatory country.
- TCI - Third Country Initiative
- TCMD - Third Country Meat Directive
- Tcpa. - Target closest point of approach
- TD - Table of Denial Orders
- TDA - Trade and Development Agency
- TEA - Targeted Export Assistance Program
- Technical Advisory Committees - The TACs are voluntary
groups of industry and government representatives who provide
guidance and expertise to Commerce on export control matters,
including evaluation of technical issues; worldwide availability,
use and production of technology; and licensing procedures related
to specific industries. TACs have been set up for: (a) materials
(Materials Technical Advisory Committe, MATAC), (b) biotechnology
(Biotechnology Technical Advisory Committee, BIOTAC), (c) computer
systems (CSTAC), (d) electronics (ETAC) (formerly "semiconductors"),
(e) sensors (STAC) (formerly "electronic instrumentation"), (f)
materials processing equipment (MPETAC) (formerly "automated manufacturing
equipment"), (g) regulations and procedures (RPTAC), (h) telecommunications
equipment (TETAC), and (i) transportation and related equipment
(TRANSTAC).
- Technical Barrier to Trade - A specification which sets
forth characteristics a product must meet (such as levels of quality,
performance, safety or dimensions) in order to be imported.
- Technical Barrier to Trade - According to the Standards
Code, a specification which sets forth characteristics or standards
a product must meet (such as levels of quality, performance, safety,
or dimensions) in order to be imported.
- Technology - BXA regulations define technical data as
"information of any kind that can be used, or adapted for use,
in the design, production, manufacture, utilization, or reconstruction
of articles or materials. Technology can be either "tangible"
or "intangible." Models, prototypes, blueprints or operating manuals
(even if stored on recording media) are examples of tangible technology.
Intangible technology consists of technical services, such as
training, oral advice, information guidance and consulting.
- Technology Transfer - This term is used to characterize
"the transfer of knowledge generated and developed in one place
to another, where is it is used to achieve some practical end."
Technology may be transferred in many ways: by giving it away
(technical journals, conferences, emigration of technical experts,
technical assistance programs); by industrial espionage; or by
sale (patents, blueprints, industrial processes, and the activities
of multinational corporations).
- Temporary Importation under Bond - When an importer makes
entry of articles brought into the United States temporarily and
claimed to be exempt from duty under Chaper 98, Subchapter XIII,
Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States, a bond is posted
with Customs which guarantees that these items will be exported
within a specified time frame (usually within one year from the
date of importation). Failure to export these items makes the
importer liable for the payment of liquidated damages for breach
of the bond conditions. (See 19 CFR 10.31.). The Temporary Importation
under Bond (TIB) is usually twice the amount of duties and other
payments the importer would otherwise be required to pay. Merchandise
imported under TIB is usually for sales demonstration, testing,
or repair.
- Terms of Reference - TOR is World Bank parlance referring
to the preparation of a description of the assignment for consultants
to be selected by borrowers following World Bank procedures.
- Terms of Trade - Terms of trade refers to the economic
factors affecting a country's foreign trade in goods and services,
such as dependency on foreign sourcing and relative competitiveness
in production.
- TEU - Twenty-foot equivalent unit
- Textile Surveillance Body - The TSB is an international
body which meets in Geneva at the GATT to monitor the Multi-Fiber
Arrangement. The TSB receives reports of all textile restrictions
and can make recommendations to participants. It can mediate disputes
between parties to the MFA but has no binding powers. Membership
is balanced between importing and exporting members.
- TF - Trade Fair (Overseas-Recruited)
- TFC - Trade Fair Certification
- TFW - Trade Fair (Washington-Recruited)
- Third Country Initiative - The TCI was created to help
countries establish an export control system on strategic commodities.
Such countries, while not members of CoCom, would establish export
control systems that provide levels of protection as close as
possible to those provided by CoCom. Such systems include: (a)
import certifications and delivery verifications, (b) controls
over reexports of CoCom-origin, controlled goods and indigenous
exports of CoCom-controlled goods, (c) cooperation in pre-licensing
and post-shipment checks, and (d) cooperation on enforcement matters.
The United States supports the third country initiative through
section 5(k) of the Export Administration Act, which allows it
to provide selected non-CoCom countries with the same licensing
benefits provided to CoCom members.
- Third Country Meat Directive - The TCMD is a regulation
by which the European Community controls meat imports based on
sanitary requirements. The TCMD requires individual inspection
and certification by EC veterinarians of U.S. meat plants wishing
to export to the EC.
- Threshold Value - The dollar value of contracts above
which government entities are covered by the government procurement
code.
- Through Bill of Lading - A single bill of lading covering
receipt of the cargo at the point of origin for delivery to the
ultimate consignee, using two or more modes of transportation.
- TIAS - Treaties and Other International Acts Series
- TIB - Temporary Importation under Bond
- TIC - Trade Information Center
- TIEA - Tax Information Exchange Agreement
- Tied Aid Credit - Tied aid credit refers to the practice
of providing grants and/or concessional loans, either alone or
combined with export credits, linked to procurement from the donor
country.
- Tied Loan - A loan made by a government agency that requires
a foreign borrower to spend the proceeds in the lender's country.
- TIFTs - Trade and Investment Facilitation Talks
- TIMS - Textiles Information Management Syste
|
